Person report

★18 Jun 1178
Five Canterbury monks observed what was possibly the formation of the Giordano Bruno crater, a small lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon.

★12 Apr 1204
Troops of the Fourth Crusade entered Constantinople and began a sack of the city, temporarily dissolving the Byzantine Empire.

★02 Feb 1207
Terra Mariana, comprising present-day Estonia and Latvia, was established as a principality of the Holy Roman Empire.

★11 Nov 1215
The Fourth Lateran Council convened, during which it was declared that belief in the Roman Catholic doctrine of transubstantiation was obligatory.

★06 Nov 1217
The Charter of the Forest was issued at St Paul's Cathedral, London, by King Henry III, which re-established the rights of access to the royal forest for free men.

★24 Nov 1221
Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire: Genghis Khan defeated the renegade Khwarazmian prince Jalal al-Din at the Battle of the Indus.

★31 May 1223
Mongol invasions: Mongol forces defeated a combined army of Kiev, Galich, and the Cumans at the Kalchik River in present-day Ukraine.

★16 Jul 1232
A local mosque elected Muhammad ibn Al-Ahmar, who later established the last Muslim state in Spain, as ruler of Arjona.

★09 Feb 1234
The Jin dynasty capital of Caizhou was captured by Mongols and their Song allies, bringing an end to Jurchen rule.

★06 Dec 1240
After days of bombardment, Mongol invaders under Batu Khan breached the walls of Kiev and plundered the city, slaughtering its inhabitants.

Historical data by Wikipedia Contributors CC BY-SA 3.0.

http://www.kongernesjelling.dk/sw250.asp Biografi Valdemar 2. Sejr kom til magten, da hans bror Knud 4. dø        de barnlø        s. Inden da havde han dog allerede væ        ret en indflydelsesrig stø        tte for Knud. Tilnavnet Sejr fik Valdemar, fordi han var en af de store erobrer i danmarkshistorien. Hans erobri nger omfattede store områ        der ved Ø        stersø        en, bl.a. Pommern og Estland. Sæ        rligt erobringen af Estland har siden haft en sæ        rlig betydning i danmarkshistorien, da det ifø        lge sagnet var her, at Dannebrog faldt ned fra himlen.

I 1223 begyndte det dog at gå         tilbage for Valdemar. Under et jagtselskab på         Lyø         blev han lokket i baghold af en af ofrene for hans erobringspolitik, Henrik af Schwerin. Trods protester fra Paven kom Valdemar til at side i fangenskab i over 2 å        r og kom fø        rst fri, da han indvilgede i at betale lø        sepenge og give afkald på         de fleste af sine erobringer. Efter lø        sladelsen sø        gte Valdemar at vinde det tabte tilbage, men led nederlag ved Bornhø        ved i Holsten. Atter matte han lø        skø        bes, og Valdemar holdt sig nu i ro resten af sin regeringstid. Lige fø        r sin dø        d underskrev Valdemar Jyske Lov; loven der starter med ordene: "Med lov skal land bygges.."